What term describes the vertical distance from the water source to the water surface in the discharge tank?

The term that describes the vertical distance from the water source to the water surface in the discharge tank is known as total static head. This measurement is important because it signifies the height of water above a reference point and is crucial in understanding how much energy is imparted to the water as it is moved from one location to another.

Total static head is concerned primarily with the potential energy of the water due to its elevation. It does not include any energy losses that may occur due to friction or other factors during actual operation. This makes it different from other terms that might involve dynamic elements or frictional losses.

Understanding total static head helps engineers design systems appropriately, ensuring that pumps and other mechanical systems are selected based on the height that needs to be overcome. It serves as a baseline calculation for ensuring adequate performance in water transfer applications.